Transitions between different electronic energy levels in elements occur at unique energies and intensities, giving each element a distinctive emission spectrum. When the energy of an incident photon ...

Milk is one of the fundamental food groups in the human diet, both as various dairy products and in its original state. The 2008 Chinese contaminated baby formula scandal increased awareness amongst ...

What is X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS)? X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful analytical technique that probes the local atomic and electronic structure of materials by measuring the ...

What is Atomic Absorption Spectrometry? AAS is a technique for determining how much of a specific element is present in the specimen under study. The uptake of optical radiation by neutral atoms in ...

Atomic Spectroscopy is the technique used to determine the electrical components of the analyte through its mass spectrum. Nowadays, several techniques are available, and choosing the right one ...

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy have emerged as complementary techniques that enable the precise characterisation of materials at the nanoscale. AFM provides ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...