Over the course of their lives, animals form associations between sensory stimuli and predicted threats or rewards. These associations can, in turn, shape the behaviors of animals, prompting them to ...

For more than a century, maps of the brain have been based on how brain tissue looks under the microscope. These anatomical maps divide the brain into regions according to structural variations in the ...

Neuronal sequences in the medial prefrontal cortex of the brain encode critical information associated with a procedural rule. These sequences can be explored and leveraged as novel biomarkers for ...

New research demonstrates that electroacupuncture can significantly alleviate pain-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors by modulating specific excitatory neurons in the brain. Using a mouse ...

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Many horse owners think the existence of the prefrontal cortex is a major controversy in equine science. It’s not. It’s just an area that’s riddled with misinformation. Curiously, most people—horsey ...

Historically, neuroscientists and evolutionary anthropologists assumed that modern humans' disproportionately large frontal lobes and the explosive growth of our prefrontal cortex millennia ago were ...

An international team of scientists led by the University of Surrey has discovered that a form of safe, painless, and non-invasive brain stimulation could help people who are at risk of falling behind ...