The classical pathway is activated by C1q-mediated recognition of the target. Further activation of this pathway causes C4b and its cleavage product iC4b to accumulate in the tissues. C4b binds to C2 ...

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), also termed mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, is diagnosed on the basis of a glomerular-injury pattern that is common to a heterogeneous group of ...

C5b initiates the membrane attack pathway, which results in the membrane attack complex (MAC), consisting of C5b, C6, C7, C8, and polymeric C9. MAC is the cytolytic endproduct of the complement ...

Global understanding of complement has shifted and developed since the 21st century: from our idea of a blood-based antibiotic system to a global regulator of immunity and tissue homeostasis. Recent ...

Iptacopan is an innovative, first-in-class oral small molecule that reversibly inhibits factor B—a crucial serine protease in the alternative pathway of the complement system. By targeting this point ...