(a) The toroidal assemblies with no termini are not easily deformed in solution, resulting in less excitation energy loss and strong yellow fluorescence. (b) The randomly coiled assemblies are easily ...

Magnetic fields in the halo of the Milky Way have a toroidal structure, extending in the radius range of 6000 light-year to 50,000 light-year from the Galaxy center. The Sun is at about 30,000 ...

The self-assembled state of the molecules determines the characteristics of supramolecular polymers. On the other hand, nothing is understood about how morphologies affect the characteristics of ...

(Nanowerk News) The origin and evolution of cosmic magnetic fields is a long-standing unsolved question at the frontier of astronomy and astrophysics research and has been selected as one of the key ...