Neuronal sequences in the medial prefrontal cortex of the brain encode critical information associated with a procedural rule. These sequences can be explored and leveraged as novel biomarkers for ...

Over the course of their lives, animals form associations between sensory stimuli and predicted threats or rewards. These associations can, in turn, shape the behaviors of animals, prompting them to ...

Enhancing prefrontal cortex (PFC) cognitive functions requires identifying suitable exercises that increase cerebral blood flow. A recent study using functional near-infrared spectroscopy found that ...

Many horse owners think the existence of the prefrontal cortex is a major controversy in equine science. It’s not. It’s just an area that’s riddled with misinformation. Curiously, most people—horsey ...

For more than a century, maps of the brain have been based on how brain tissue looks under the microscope. These anatomical maps divide the brain into regions according to structural variations in the ...

An international team of scientists led by the University of Surrey has discovered that a form of safe, painless, and non-invasive brain stimulation could help people who are at risk of falling behind ...

The cerebral cortex is your brain’s outermost layer. It has a wrinkled appearance due to the grooves and folds that increase its surface area. Here, we look at the anatomy of the cerebral cortex and ...