OpenAI's GPT-5.2 has derived a new formula explaining gluon scattering processes that physicist Nima Arkani-Hamed ...

Bayes' theorem is a statistical formula used to calculate conditional probability. Learn how it works, how to calculate it ...

The currents of the oceans, the roiling surface of the sun, and the clouds of smoke billowing off a forest fire—all are ...

Abstract: To analyze a highly nonlinear dynamical system, it is necessary to evaluate the time evolution of the probability density function (pdf) of the states. In this paper, a novel Gaussian sum ...

Dara-Abasi Ita writes about trading and investing for Investopedia and Investing.com, and he is an editor at Lawverse magazine. He has written about financial topics, including private equity, asset ...

Abstract: In this article, the recursive filtering problem is investigated for a class of complex networks (CNs) incorporating amplify-and-forward (AF) relays and subject to double time-correlated ...